![]() These geodetic parameters are in effect the “fingerprints” of many dynamic Earth phenomena, including those that we now associate with global change (due to anthropogenic as well as natural causes). Secondly, geodesy can measure Earth parameters that no other remote-sensing technique can, such as the position and velocity of points on the surface of the Earth and the shape and changes of the Earth’s ocean and land surfaces, and it can map the spatial and temporal features of the gravity field. Firstly, modern geodesy relies on space technology, and enormous strides have been made in accuracy, resolution, and coverage due to advances in satellite sensors and an expanding portfolio of satellite missions. What has enabled geodesy to change from an esoteric natural science that underpins the making of maps to today’s cutting-edge geoscience? There are a number of reasons for this transformation. At a practical level, geodetic practice forms the foundation for surveying, navigation, and mapping, and the digital datasets underpinning these activities. This is illustrated by its classical definition as the science of measuring and mapping the geometry, orientation in space, and gravity field of the Earth these days we also include their variations over time. It dates back hundreds of years - some would claim thousands of years, and that the ancient Greeks and other pre-Christian cultures shaped its direction. ![]() ![]() Yet geodesy is not a new, child-of-technology sciaence. Geodesy is a suite of powerful Earth-observation techniques, associated methodologies, and analysis tools that today are making a vital contribution to science and society. ![]()
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